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Recently, I responded to a linkedIn article about a cyber attack on a cancer center. The person who posted it basically asked the question, why would a hacker go after something like a cancer center or a school? After reading the posts, it seemed to me that there is a lack of understanding as to why and how hackers actually do what they do.

Why Do Hackers Hack?

One of the biggest misconceptions about hacking is that people think that they are not important or that they don’t have anything that hackers want. The issue here is that people don’t understand why people hack. There are three basic reasons why hackers hack and they are: money, politics, espionage, and malice/mischief. Money is perhaps the easiest to understand, hackers want money. You have it… therefore you are a target. Hackers can steal your money in several ways, either by stealing your credit card and bank info, or by installing some sort of ransomware. What is important to understand that since you have money, you are a target.

Hackers also might be interested in your systems to build botnets, which are armies of computers that a hacker controls, which can be used for all kinds of mayhem. Some master hackers build botnets and then rent them out to other nefarious individuals for profit.

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Facebook has been in the news quite a bit in the last few weeks, and I’ve finally reached the conclusion it is time for me to go. Now, I know Facebook will not care. I do not have millions of followers. I’m not an influencer, nor do I have an Instagram account or use any of their other services.

Why Now?

Over the last few years, I’ve become increasingly disillusioned with social media. I’ve written about it extensively here and elsewhere, but I believe strongly that people are entitled to their privacy. Social media companies believe the opposite, and believe it is their solumn right and duty to invade every aspect of our lives for their profit. I say no more! Basta!

I didn’t delete my Facebook account entirely, however I did put a note that I will not be using it anymore. I had already removed all Facebook applications from my phone, including Messenger, Instagram, WhatsApp etc.

It’s More than Privacy

Until recently, my continued objection to social media in general (with the exception of LinkedIn) was the invasion of privacy. I’ve researched and written about how these companies are stealing your privacy and profiting from it. But in the last few months, I’ve been reading a lot of research about the dangerous side effects of social media and come to the conclusion that it is much worse than simply invading your privacy. Social media is about behavior modification.

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I’m an Apple guy through and through. (You can read more about my love/hate relationship here.) My first computer ever was a Woz edition Apple ][ GS and although I had a hiatus with Apple for sometime during college, ever since I came back, I’m all in. My last computer, a Macbook Pro (2014 edition I think) was by far the best computer I had ever owned. Unfortunately, an incident with a can of Dr. Pepper as well as time had led me to the decision that it was time to upgrade. So last year, I got a new MacBook Pro 2018 edition with the touch bar. This enters the hate phase of my relationship with Apple.

Now, I understand the Apple philosophy of remove extraneous features and complexity and agree with it in principle. However, simplicity should not come at the cost of functionality. The new Macbooks, as everyone has noted come with USB-C ports instead of the smorgasbord of ports that existed on previous editions of the machine. Whilst this certainly looks more elegant, after I received my machine, I had to buy a bunch of dongles so that I could use my peripherals. This was a minor annoyance, but I thought a one time thing. How wrong I was…

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There is a data format called HDF5 (Hierarchical Data Format) which is used extensively in scientific research. HDF5 is an interesting format in that it is like a file system within a file, and is extremely performant. However, the HDF5 format can be quite difficult to actually access the data that is encoded in HDF5 format. But, as the title suggests, this post will walk you through how to easily access and query HDF5 datasets using my favorite tool: Apache Drill.

As of version 1.18 Drill will natively support reading HDF5 files.

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I saw this image on LinkedIn a few days ago and realized that it is proof of the future of data science. The image is of the leaderboard from a Kaggle competition, which isn’t particularly remarkable, but what is remarkable is the competitor in 2nd place: Google AutoML. Not only did AutoML come in 2nd, but it did so in fewer entries and the score was 0.00093 off of first place.

You might be thinking, “Well that’s Google, and they have the best stuff. Technology like that will not be available to the masses anytime soon, and if it is, it will require massive clusters.” Au contraire mon frère. There are a slew of new Python modules which automate various phases of the machine learning process. My personal favorite of which is called TPOT. TPOT is a Python module which automates the entire machine learning process, and generates python code for your entire pipeline.

I did a little experiment with TPOT and was able to build a model with data from Kaggle that scored in the top 10 for a simple exercise.

At some point, Google will likely make their AutoML available to the public if it isn’t already, and data scientists will have to prove that their value over automated machine learning tools.

So What?

The significance of this is enormous. Since the coining of the term data science, many people have focused very heavily on the math and machine learning aspects of data science. These aspects are certainly important, but these steps can be automated, as you can see, with ever improving performance. What this means in the long run is that as available computing power increases and these tools get better and faster, the understanding of the inner workings of the algorithms will become less and less important. (This is not true if you are working at a really cutting edge company that is developing new algorithms, or doing academic research.)

Therefore, if you are a data scientist or an aspiring data scientist, should you quit now? Hardly. Automated ML is really exciting because it will enable you to focus on the things that computers can’t do, and likely won’t ever be able to do, which are: conceiving and defining data problems, communicating the results to stakeholders, as well as the data cleaning/feature engineering steps. Automated machine learning will enable or force data scientists to focus on tasks that truly require human thought and using data science to add value to their organizations.

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